README.md

@@ -77,6 +77,15 @@ then with an affix stripped, then the parts of a ZWNJ compound. The lemma step i
 classical verse readable — `افتاد` is only findable as `افتادن`, and Wiktionary ships 149,589
 form→lemma pairs that make that possible.
 
+Each entry carries its pronunciation where Wiktionary has one — 101,306 of them, tagged with the
+variety, Classical Persian first, because a word in a 14th-century ghazal was not said the way
+Tehran says it now. Urdu Wiktionary adds the vowelled spelling and the syllable split in Urdu
+script. When nothing matches at all, the sheet offers near words ranked by shared letters.
+
+Poems that Ganjoor has recordings for show a play button, streamed rather than stored: a famous
+ghazal often has a dozen readings, and downloading them would dwarf the poems. It is the one
+part of the app that needs a connection, and it simply doesn't appear without one.
+
 See [`tools/README.md`](tools/README.md) to rebuild it, and for the licensing of each source.
 
 ## Where the poems come from

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/MainActivity.kt

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
         val systemInDark = resources.configuration.uiMode and
             Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK == Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES
         window.setBackgroundDrawable(
-            windowBackground(settings.value.theme, systemInDark).toDrawable()
+            windowBackground(settings.value.theme, systemInDark, settings.value.oled).toDrawable()
         )
 
         enableEdgeToEdge()
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
                 // navigates right-to-left whichever UI language is selected.
                 LocalLayoutDirection provides LayoutDirection.Rtl,
             ) {
-                GanjoorTheme(settings.value.theme, settings.value.language) {
+                GanjoorTheme(settings.value.theme, settings.value.language, settings.value.oled) {
                     GanjoorApp()
                 }
             }

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/data/Dictionary.kt

@@ -11,13 +11,19 @@ import java.text.Normalizer
 /** One definition, and where it came from, so the credit stays attached to the text. */
 data class Definition(val word: String, val gloss: String, val source: String)
 
+/**
+ * How a word sounds. [label] is the variety it belongs to — Classical Persian, Dari, Standard
+ * Urdu — because a word in a 14th-century ghazal was not said the way Tehran says it now.
+ */
+data class Pronunciation(val text: String, val label: String)
+
 /**
  * Word lookup over a bundled SQLite built from Wiktionary (CC BY-SA 3.0) and Daneshjoo.
  * See `tools/build_dictionary.py`; the asset ships gzipped and is unpacked once on first use.
  */
 object Dictionary {
     /** Guards against a copy interrupted half-way leaving an unopenable file behind. */
-    private const val ASSET_BYTES = 22_298_624L
+    private const val ASSET_BYTES = 94384128L
 
     // Not a .gz: the build packager silently gunzips those and drops the extension, which left
     // the asset under a different name than the code was opening.
@@ -46,6 +52,37 @@ object Dictionary {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * How [raw] is pronounced, Classical Persian first: this is an app for poetry written long
+     * before modern Tehrani vowels, and the IPA's dots and stress marks are the syllable
+     * breakdown that goes with it.
+     */
+    suspend fun pronunciations(raw: String, limit: Int = 5): List<Pronunciation> =
+        withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            val database = open() ?: return@withContext emptyList()
+            val word = normalise(raw).takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() } ?: return@withContext emptyList()
+            database.rawQuery(
+                """
+                SELECT text, label FROM pron WHERE word = ?
+                ORDER BY CASE
+                    WHEN label LIKE 'Classical%' THEN 0
+                    WHEN source = 'urwiktionary' THEN 1
+                    WHEN source = 'wiktionary-fa' THEN 2
+                    WHEN source = 'wiktionary-ur' THEN 3
+                    ELSE 4
+                END
+                LIMIT ?
+                """,
+                arrayOf(word, limit.toString()),
+            ).use { cursor ->
+                buildList {
+                    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+                        add(Pronunciation(cursor.getString(0), cursor.getString(1)))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
     /**
      * Looks a word up, widening the search until something matches:
      *
@@ -69,11 +106,42 @@ object Dictionary {
                     .firstNotNullOfOrNull { direct(database, normalise(it)).ifEmpty { null } }
                     .orEmpty()
             }
+            // A selection is usually a phrase rather than a word; fall back to its words.
+            .ifEmpty {
+                raw.split(' ', '\n', '\r')
+                    .map { normalise(it) }
+                    .filter { it.length > 1 && it != word }
+                    .firstNotNullOfOrNull { part ->
+                        direct(database, part).ifEmpty {
+                            lemmas(database, part).flatMap { direct(database, it) }.ifEmpty { null }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    .orEmpty()
+            }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Ordered the way a reader of this app wants to be answered: a definition written in Urdu
+     * first, because it needs no translating at all, then the Persian sources, then the ones
+     * keyed on another language. English is what the rest fall back to, so it comes last by
+     * coming from the sources that sit last.
+     *
+     * Arabic is last outright: its forms index is larger than every other source combined,
+     * which makes it the likeliest to match something by coincidence.
+     */
     private fun direct(database: SQLiteDatabase, word: String): List<Definition> =
         database.rawQuery(
-            "SELECT display, gloss, source FROM entry WHERE word = ? LIMIT 12",
+            """
+            SELECT display, gloss, source FROM entry WHERE word = ?
+            ORDER BY CASE source
+                WHEN 'urwiktionary' THEN 0
+                WHEN 'wiktionary-fa' THEN 1
+                WHEN 'daneshjoo' THEN 2
+                WHEN 'wiktionary-ur' THEN 3
+                ELSE 4
+            END
+            LIMIT 12
+            """,
             arrayOf(word),
         ).use { cursor ->
             buildList {
@@ -83,6 +151,47 @@ object Dictionary {
             }
         }
 
+    /**
+     * Headwords that look like [raw], for when nothing matched exactly — a misread letter, an
+     * unusual spelling, or a word the dictionary simply spells differently.
+     *
+     * Candidates come from an index range scan on the first letters, then are ranked by how
+     * many letters they share with the query. ponytail: shared letters rather than an edit
+     * distance, which would need the whole table scanned to be worth the extra precision.
+     */
+    suspend fun suggest(raw: String, limit: Int = 6): List<String> = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+        val database = open() ?: return@withContext emptyList()
+        val word = normalise(raw).takeIf { it.length > 1 } ?: return@withContext emptyList()
+
+        // Widen the prefix until there is something to rank, but never scan the whole table.
+        val candidates = generateSequence(minOf(3, word.length - 1)) { (it - 1).takeIf { n -> n >= 1 } }
+            .map { prefixLength -> byPrefix(database, word.take(prefixLength)) }
+            .firstOrNull { it.size >= 3 }
+            ?: return@withContext emptyList()
+
+        candidates
+            .asSequence()
+            .filter { it.first != word }
+            .map { (normalised, display) -> display to letterOverlap(word, normalised) }
+            .filter { it.second > 0.45f }
+            .sortedByDescending { it.second }
+            .map { it.first }
+            .distinct()
+            .take(limit)
+            .toList()
+    }
+
+    /** Index range scan: everything whose normalised form starts with [prefix]. */
+    private fun byPrefix(database: SQLiteDatabase, prefix: String): List<Pair<String, String>> =
+        database.rawQuery(
+            "SELECT DISTINCT word, display FROM entry WHERE word >= ? AND word < ? LIMIT 400",
+            arrayOf(prefix, prefix + '\uFFFF'),
+        ).use { cursor ->
+            buildList {
+                while (cursor.moveToNext()) add(cursor.getString(0) to cursor.getString(1))
+            }
+        }
+
     private fun lemmas(database: SQLiteDatabase, form: String): List<String> =
         database.rawQuery(
             "SELECT lemma FROM form WHERE form = ? LIMIT 6",
@@ -94,14 +203,29 @@ object Dictionary {
 
 private const val ZWNJ = '‌'
 
-private val SUFFIXES = listOf("ها", "اش", "ش", "م", "ت", "را", "ی", "ان")
-// "ال" is the Arabic definite article: poems quote Arabic, so السّاقی has to reach ساقی.
-private val PREFIXES = listOf("ال", "می", "بر", "ب")
+/**
+ * Longest first, so تربتش strips شـ rather than matching nothing. These are the endings that
+ * actually turn up in classical verse: plurals, the object marker, and the enclitic pronouns
+ * that Persian glues onto a verb or noun — آیدت is آید + ت, باشدش is باشد + ش.
+ */
+private val SUFFIXES = listOf(
+    "شان", "تان", "مان", "ها", "اش", "ست", "یم", "ید", "ند", "را", "ش", "م", "ت", "ی", "ان", "ه",
+)
 
-/** Candidate stems after stripping one common affix. Order matters: longest affix first. */
-internal fun affixes(word: String): List<String> = buildList {
-    SUFFIXES.forEach { if (word.endsWith(it) && word.length > it.length + 1) add(word.dropLast(it.length)) }
-    PREFIXES.forEach { if (word.startsWith(it) && word.length > it.length + 1) add(word.drop(it.length)) }
+/** "ال" is the Arabic definite article, "ن"/"نمی" negation, "بی" privative. */
+private val PREFIXES = listOf("نمی", "ال", "می", "بی", "بر", "ن", "ب")
+
+/**
+ * Candidate stems, one affix deep and then two — برنیاید is بر + ن + یاید, and a single pass
+ * would never reach the verb. Ordered so the least mangled candidate is tried first.
+ */
+internal fun affixes(word: String): List<String> {
+    fun oneStep(w: String) = buildList {
+        SUFFIXES.forEach { if (w.endsWith(it) && w.length > it.length + 1) add(w.dropLast(it.length)) }
+        PREFIXES.forEach { if (w.startsWith(it) && w.length > it.length + 1) add(w.drop(it.length)) }
+    }
+    val first = oneStep(word)
+    return (first + first.flatMap(::oneStep)).distinct()
 }
 
 private val HARAKAT = (0x064B..0x0652) + listOf(0x0670, 0x0640) + (0x0610..0x0615)
@@ -125,6 +249,17 @@ internal fun normalise(text: String, keepZwnj: Boolean = false): String {
     return (if (keepZwnj) folded else folded.replace(ZWNJ.toString(), "")).trim()
 }
 
+/**
+ * How much of two words' letters coincide — the overlapping letters counted against the longer
+ * word, so مشکل and مشکلها score high while a word that merely starts the same does not.
+ */
+internal fun letterOverlap(a: String, b: String): Float {
+    if (a.isEmpty() || b.isEmpty()) return 0f
+    val remaining = b.toMutableList()
+    val shared = a.count { remaining.remove(it) }
+    return shared.toFloat() / maxOf(a.length, b.length)
+}
+
 /** The whole word surrounding [index], for turning a tap into something to look up. */
 internal fun wordAt(text: String, index: Int): String? {
     if (text.isEmpty()) return null

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/data/Ganjoor.kt

@@ -145,6 +145,18 @@ private data class LiveCat(val poems: List<LivePoem> = emptyList())
 @Serializable
 private data class LivePoem(val id: Int = 0, val excerpt: String? = null)
 
+/** A reading of a whole poem, hosted by Ganjoor. */
+@Serializable
+data class Recitation(
+    val id: Int = 0,
+    val audioTitle: String = "",
+    val audioArtist: String = "",
+    val mp3Url: String = "",
+)
+
+@Serializable
+private data class LivePoemRecitations(val recitations: List<Recitation> = emptyList())
+
 private val liveJson = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
 
 @Serializable
@@ -166,6 +178,37 @@ fun catPath(fullUrl: String) = "poets${fullUrl.trimEnd('/')}/_cat.json"
 
 fun poemPath(fullUrl: String) = "poets${fullUrl.trimEnd('/')}.json"
 
+/** A row in a category listing: either a chapter to open, or a poem to read. */
+sealed interface CatEntry {
+    data class Chapter(val category: Category) : CatEntry
+    data class Poem(val poem: PoemRef) : CatEntry
+}
+
+private val PREFACE_TITLES = listOf("دیباچه", "مقدمه", "سرآغاز", "پیشگفتار", "آغاز")
+
+/**
+ * Orders a category the way ganjoor.net does: a book's own preface first, then its chapters,
+ * then whatever other poems sit directly under it. Golestan's دیباچه belongs above the eight
+ * باب, not below them; Hafez's مقدّمه above his five collections, with مثنوی and ساقی‌نامه after.
+ *
+ * Ganjoor decides this with each poem's MixedModeOrder — 1 sorts a poem above the chapters, 0
+ * below — but that field isn't in the exported `_cat.json`, only on the live API's per-poem
+ * record, which would be one request per poem.
+ *
+ * ponytail: so prefaces are recognised by title instead. Adding MixedModeOrder to the Poems
+ * entries in ganjoor-data would make this exact; until then a book whose preface is named
+ * something unusual still lands after its chapters.
+ */
+fun orderedEntries(category: Category): List<CatEntry> {
+    val (prefaces, rest) = category.poems.partition { poem ->
+        val title = normalise(poem.title).trimStart()
+        PREFACE_TITLES.any { title.startsWith(it) }
+    }
+    return prefaces.map(CatEntry::Poem) +
+        category.childCats.map(CatEntry::Chapter) +
+        rest.map(CatEntry::Poem)
+}
+
 /** One step of a poem's path. [url] is null for the poem itself, which is already open. */
 data class Crumb(val label: String, val url: String?)
 
@@ -324,6 +367,27 @@ object Ganjoor {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Readings of a poem, by the people who recorded them for ganjoor.net.
+     *
+     * Streamed, never stored: the files are a few hundred kilobytes each and there are often a
+     * dozen readings of a famous ghazal, so downloading them all would dwarf the poems. Offline
+     * mode therefore has none of this, which is honest — a recording is the one thing here that
+     * genuinely needs the network.
+     */
+    suspend fun recitations(poemId: Int): List<Recitation> = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+        if (offline || poemId == 0) return@withContext emptyList()
+        val url = liveBase.newBuilder()
+            .addPathSegments("api/ganjoor/poem/$poemId")
+            .addQueryParameter("recitations", "true")
+            .addQueryParameter("verseDetails", "false")
+            .build()
+        runCatching {
+            liveJson.decodeFromString<LivePoemRecitations>(fetch(url)).recitations
+                .filter { it.mp3Url.isNotBlank() }
+        }.getOrDefault(emptyList())
+    }
+
     /**
      * Saves a poet's whole tree — biography, every category and every poem — for offline reading.
      * Re-running it is cheap: anything already on disk is skipped, which is also how a download

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/ui/AboutScreen.kt

@@ -64,11 +64,17 @@ private val CREDITS = listOf(
     ),
     Credit(
         "Wiktionary",
-        "Wiktionary contributors — the word definitions, and the inflected-form index that " +
-            "finds a conjugated verb's dictionary entry",
+        "Wiktionary contributors — Persian and Urdu definitions, and the inflected-form " +
+            "index that finds a conjugated verb's dictionary entry",
         "CC BY-SA 3.0. The bundled dictionary is therefore also CC BY-SA 3.0.",
         url = "https://en.wiktionary.org",
     ),
+    Credit(
+        "Urdu Wiktionary",
+        "Urdu Wiktionary contributors — the definitions written in Urdu rather than English",
+        "CC BY-SA 3.0. The bundled dictionary is therefore also CC BY-SA 3.0.",
+        url = "https://ur.wiktionary.org",
+    ),
     Credit(
         "Daneshjoo Dictionary",
         "Layered under Wiktionary for the words it doesn't carry",

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/ui/CategoryScreen.kt

@@ -38,9 +38,11 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.res.stringResource
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
 import com.ganjoor.android.R
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.CatEntry
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.Downloads
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.Ganjoor
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.Offline
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.orderedEntries
 
 @OptIn(ExperimentalMaterial3Api::class)
 @Composable
@@ -63,6 +65,8 @@ fun CategoryScreen(
             }
         }
 
+        val entries = remember(cat) { orderedEntries(cat) }
+
         Scaffold(
             topBar = {
                 TopAppBar(
@@ -94,12 +98,25 @@ fun CategoryScreen(
                 cat.description?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }?.let { description ->
                     item { Description(description) }
                 }
-                items(cat.childCats, key = { "c${it.id}" }) { child ->
-                    NavRow(child.title, isCategory = true) { onCategory(child.fullUrl) }
-                }
-                items(cat.poems, key = { "p${it.id}" }) { poem ->
-                    NavRow(poem.title, isCategory = false, excerpt = excerpts[poem.id]) {
-                        onPoem(poem.fullUrl)
+                items(
+                    items = entries,
+                    key = { entry ->
+                        when (entry) {
+                            is CatEntry.Chapter -> "c${entry.category.id}"
+                            is CatEntry.Poem -> "p${entry.poem.id}"
+                        }
+                    },
+                ) { entry ->
+                    when (entry) {
+                        is CatEntry.Chapter -> NavRow(entry.category.title, isCategory = true) {
+                            onCategory(entry.category.fullUrl)
+                        }
+
+                        is CatEntry.Poem -> NavRow(
+                            title = entry.poem.title,
+                            isCategory = false,
+                            excerpt = excerpts[entry.poem.id],
+                        ) { onPoem(entry.poem.fullUrl) }
                     }
                 }
             }

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/ui/PoemScreen.kt

@@ -105,8 +105,14 @@ fun PoemScreen(
                 )
             }
         ) { insets ->
-            // Free-form selection for copying any span; the per-couplet actions below are for
-            // saving a passage with the reference attached, which a raw copy would lose.
+            // Free-form selection for copying any span; tapping a word looks it up, and the
+            // per-couplet actions save a passage with the reference attached, which a raw copy
+            // would lose.
+            //
+            // ponytail: no dictionary entry in the selection toolbar. Compose 1.10 stopped
+            // routing SelectionContainer through LocalTextToolbar — a custom TextToolbar is
+            // simply never asked to show — and the replacement, foundation's contextmenu
+            // package, is internal. Revisit when that becomes public API.
             SelectionContainer {
             LazyColumn(
                 modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
@@ -120,6 +126,7 @@ fun PoemScreen(
                 item {
                     Column(Modifier.padding(bottom = 12.dp)) {
                         Breadcrumbs(poem.fullTitle, poem.fullUrl.ifBlank { fullUrl }, onCategory)
+                        RecitationPlayer(poem.id)
                         poem.metre?.rhythm?.let { rhythm ->
                             Text(
                                 text = rhythm,

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/ui/ReadingSettings.kt

@@ -78,6 +78,15 @@ fun ReadingSettingsSheet(onDismiss: () -> Unit) {
                 settings.update { it.copy(theme = mode) }
             }
 
+            // Only means anything on a dark theme, so it sits with them and says so.
+            Toggle(
+                title = R.string.oled,
+                note = R.string.oled_note,
+                checked = prefs.oled,
+            ) { on ->
+                settings.update { it.copy(oled = on) }
+            }
+
             Label(R.string.font)
             Chips(ReadingFont.entries, prefs.font, { stringResource(it.label) }) { font ->
                 settings.update { it.copy(font = font) }

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/ui/RecitationPlayer.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+package com.ganjoor.android.ui
+
+import android.media.AudioAttributes
+import android.media.MediaPlayer
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.PlayArrow
+import androidx.compose.material3.CircularProgressIndicator
+import androidx.compose.material3.DropdownMenu
+import androidx.compose.material3.DropdownMenuItem
+import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
+import androidx.compose.material3.IconButton
+import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
+import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.material3.TextButton
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.DisposableEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableIntStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.produceState
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.res.painterResource
+import androidx.compose.ui.res.stringResource
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
+import com.ganjoor.android.R
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.Ganjoor
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.Recitation
+
+/**
+ * Plays a reading of the poem, streamed from Ganjoor.
+ *
+ * ponytail: the platform's MediaPlayer rather than ExoPlayer — one URL, play and pause, no
+ * playlist or seeking to justify a media library. Nothing is cached, so this is the one part of
+ * the app that needs a connection; it simply doesn't appear when there is no reading or no
+ * network.
+ */
+@Composable
+fun RecitationPlayer(poemId: Int) {
+    val recitations by produceState(emptyList<Recitation>(), poemId) {
+        value = Ganjoor.recitations(poemId)
+    }
+    if (recitations.isEmpty()) return
+
+    var chosen by remember(poemId) { mutableIntStateOf(0) }
+    var playing by remember(poemId) { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    var loading by remember(poemId) { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    var picking by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
+
+    val player = remember {
+        MediaPlayer().apply {
+            setAudioAttributes(
+                AudioAttributes.Builder()
+                    .setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA)
+                    .setContentType(AudioAttributes.CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC)
+                    .build()
+            )
+        }
+    }
+    // A reading left playing when the screen goes would keep the whole poem in memory.
+    DisposableEffect(player) { onDispose { runCatching { player.release() } } }
+
+    val recitation = recitations.getOrNull(chosen) ?: return
+    // Changing reader stops whatever was playing, so the two never overlap.
+    DisposableEffect(recitation.mp3Url) {
+        runCatching { player.reset() }
+        playing = false
+        loading = false
+        onDispose { }
+    }
+
+    fun toggle() {
+        if (playing) {
+            runCatching { player.pause() }
+            playing = false
+            return
+        }
+        if (player.currentPosition > 0) {
+            runCatching { player.start() }.onSuccess { playing = true }
+            return
+        }
+        loading = true
+        runCatching {
+            player.reset()
+            player.setDataSource(recitation.mp3Url)
+            player.setOnPreparedListener { it.start(); playing = true; loading = false }
+            player.setOnCompletionListener { playing = false }
+            player.setOnErrorListener { _, _, _ -> playing = false; loading = false; true }
+            player.prepareAsync()
+        }.onFailure { loading = false }
+    }
+
+    Row(
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(bottom = 8.dp),
+        verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(4.dp),
+    ) {
+        IconButton(onClick = ::toggle) {
+            when {
+                loading -> CircularProgressIndicator(Modifier.size(20.dp), strokeWidth = 2.dp)
+                // Core Material icons ship no pause glyph, and the extended set is 4 MB for one.
+                playing -> Icon(painterResource(R.drawable.ic_pause), stringResource(R.string.pause))
+                else -> Icon(Icons.Default.PlayArrow, stringResource(R.string.play_recitation))
+            }
+        }
+        TextButton(
+            onClick = { if (recitations.size > 1) picking = true },
+            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f, fill = false),
+        ) {
+            Text(
+                text = recitation.audioArtist.ifBlank { stringResource(R.string.play_recitation) },
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelLarge,
+                maxLines = 1,
+                overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
+            )
+        }
+        if (recitations.size > 1) {
+            Text(
+                text = "${chosen + 1}/${recitations.size}",
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
+                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+            )
+        }
+        DropdownMenu(expanded = picking, onDismissRequest = { picking = false }) {
+            recitations.forEachIndexed { index, item ->
+                DropdownMenuItem(
+                    text = { Text(item.audioArtist.ifBlank { item.audioTitle }) },
+                    onClick = { chosen = index; picking = false },
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/ui/Settings.kt

@@ -18,9 +18,6 @@ enum class ThemeMode(@StringRes val label: Int) {
     Dark(R.string.theme_dark),
     Sepia(R.string.theme_sepia),
     SepiaDark(R.string.theme_sepia_dark),
-
-    /** Pure black, so OLED panels can switch the pixels off entirely. */
-    Black(R.string.theme_black),
 }
 
 enum class ReadingFont(@StringRes val label: Int) {
@@ -58,6 +55,8 @@ data class Prefs(
     val showSummaries: Boolean = false,
     val language: Language = Language.Fa,
     val offline: Boolean = false,
+    /** True black backgrounds, applied to whichever dark theme is in use. */
+    val oled: Boolean = false,
     val poetSort: PoetSort = PoetSort.Default,
 )
 
@@ -74,6 +73,8 @@ class Settings(context: Context) {
             showSummaries = prefs.getBoolean("showSummaries", false),
             language = languageOrDefault(prefs.getString(KEY_LANGUAGE, null)),
             offline = prefs.getBoolean("offline", false),
+            // "Black" used to be a sixth theme; it is a flag on the dark ones now.
+            oled = prefs.getBoolean("oled", prefs.getString("theme", null) == "Black"),
             poetSort = enumOrDefault(prefs.getString("poetSort", null), PoetSort.Default),
         )
     )
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ class Settings(context: Context) {
                 putBoolean("showSummaries", p.showSummaries)
                 putString(KEY_LANGUAGE, p.language.tag)
                 putBoolean("offline", p.offline)
+                putBoolean("oled", p.oled)
                 putString("poetSort", p.poetSort.name)
             }
         }

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/ui/WordSheet.kt

@@ -2,22 +2,28 @@ package com.ganjoor.android.ui
 
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.navigationBarsPadding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.rememberScrollState
 import androidx.compose.foundation.verticalScroll
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.FlowRow
 import androidx.compose.material3.CircularProgressIndicator
 import androidx.compose.material3.ExperimentalMaterial3Api
 import androidx.compose.material3.HorizontalDivider
 import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
 import androidx.compose.material3.ModalBottomSheet
+import androidx.compose.material3.SuggestionChip
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.CompositionLocalProvider
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.produceState
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalLayoutDirection
 import androidx.compose.ui.res.stringResource
@@ -26,6 +32,7 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
 import com.ganjoor.android.R
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.Definition
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.Dictionary
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.Pronunciation
 import com.ganjoor.android.ui.theme.readingStyle
 
 /** English prose inside an otherwise right-to-left sheet. */
@@ -34,12 +41,43 @@ private fun LeftToRight(content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
     CompositionLocalProvider(LocalLayoutDirection provides LayoutDirection.Ltr, content = content)
 }
 
+/** Lays a definition out the way its own script reads. */
+@Composable
+private fun InDirectionOf(text: String, content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
+    val arabicScript = text.count { it in '\u0600'..'\u06FF' }
+    val latin = text.count { it in 'A'..'Z' || it in 'a'..'z' }
+    CompositionLocalProvider(
+        LocalLayoutDirection provides
+            if (arabicScript > latin) LayoutDirection.Rtl else LayoutDirection.Ltr,
+        content = content,
+    )
+}
+
+/** Which dictionary answered, and in which language pair. */
+private fun sourceLabel(source: String) = when (source) {
+    "wiktionary-fa" -> R.string.source_wiktionary
+    "wiktionary-ur" -> R.string.source_wiktionary_ur
+    "urwiktionary" -> R.string.source_urwiktionary
+    "wiktionary-ar" -> R.string.source_wiktionary_ar
+    else -> R.string.source_daneshjoo
+}
+
 /** What the dictionary knows about a tapped word. */
 @OptIn(ExperimentalMaterial3Api::class)
 @Composable
 fun WordSheet(word: String, onDismiss: () -> Unit) {
     val prefs = LocalSettings.current.value
-    val definitions by produceState<List<Definition>?>(null, word) { value = Dictionary.lookup(word) }
+    // A suggestion replaces what is being looked up, so the sheet can be followed like a trail.
+    var current by remember(word) { mutableStateOf(word) }
+    val definitions by produceState<List<Definition>?>(null, current) {
+        value = Dictionary.lookup(current)
+    }
+    val sounds by produceState(emptyList<Pronunciation>(), current) {
+        value = Dictionary.pronunciations(current)
+    }
+    val suggestions by produceState(emptyList<String>(), current, definitions) {
+        value = if (definitions?.isEmpty() == true) Dictionary.suggest(current) else emptyList()
+    }
 
     ModalBottomSheet(onDismissRequest = onDismiss) {
         Column(
@@ -52,47 +90,90 @@ fun WordSheet(word: String, onDismiss: () -> Unit) {
         ) {
             // The headword in the reading font, at reading size: it is a line of poetry, after all.
             Text(
-                text = word,
+                text = current,
                 style = readingStyle(prefs.font, prefs.fontSize, prefs.fontWeight.weight),
                 modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
             )
+            if (sounds.isNotEmpty()) {
+                // One direction for the whole block, and one pronunciation per line. Flowing
+                // them side by side put Latin IPA and Urdu spelling in the same right-to-left
+                // run, which reordered the chips and left each label under someone else's value.
+                LeftToRight {
+                    Column(verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(2.dp)) {
+                        sounds.forEach { sound ->
+                            Row(
+                                modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                                horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(10.dp),
+                                verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+                            ) {
+                                Text(
+                                    text = sound.text,
+                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
+                                    modifier = Modifier.weight(1f, fill = false),
+                                )
+                                if (sound.label.isNotBlank()) {
+                                    Text(
+                                        text = sound.label,
+                                        style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
+                                        color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                                    )
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
             HorizontalDivider()
 
             when {
                 definitions == null -> CircularProgressIndicator(Modifier.padding(vertical = 16.dp))
 
-                definitions!!.isEmpty() -> LeftToRight {
-                    Text(
-                        text = stringResource(R.string.no_definition),
-                        style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
-                        color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
-                        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
-                    )
+                definitions!!.isEmpty() -> Column(
+                    verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp),
+                ) {
+                    LeftToRight {
+                        Text(
+                            text = stringResource(R.string.no_definition),
+                            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
+                            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                        )
+                    }
+                    if (suggestions.isNotEmpty()) {
+                        Text(
+                            text = stringResource(R.string.did_you_mean),
+                            style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall,
+                            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
+                        )
+                        FlowRow(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)) {
+                            suggestions.forEach { suggestion ->
+                                SuggestionChip(
+                                    onClick = { current = suggestion },
+                                    label = { Text(suggestion) },
+                                )
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
 
                 else -> definitions!!.forEach { definition ->
                     Column(Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
                         // The headword actually matched, which may be the lemma rather than the
                         // word as it appears in the line. Persian, so it stays right-to-left.
-                        if (definition.word != word) {
+                        if (definition.word != current) {
                             Text(
                                 text = definition.word,
                                 style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall,
                                 color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
                             )
                         }
-                        // The definitions are English; right-aligning them reads badly.
-                        LeftToRight {
+                        // Most definitions are English and right-aligning them reads badly;
+                        // the Urdu ones are right-to-left like the rest of the app.
+                        InDirectionOf(definition.gloss) {
                             Column(Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
                                 Text(definition.gloss, style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium)
                                 Text(
-                                    text = stringResource(
-                                        if (definition.source == "wiktionary") {
-                                            R.string.source_wiktionary
-                                        } else {
-                                            R.string.source_daneshjoo
-                                        }
-                                    ),
+                                    text = stringResource(sourceLabel(definition.source)),
                                     style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
                                     color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
                                 )

app/src/main/java/com/ganjoor/android/ui/theme/Theme.kt

@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ package com.ganjoor.android.ui.theme
 
 import android.app.Activity
 import androidx.compose.foundation.isSystemInDarkTheme
+import androidx.compose.material3.ColorScheme
 import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
 import androidx.compose.material3.darkColorScheme
 import androidx.compose.material3.lightColorScheme
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.SideEffect
 import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
+import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.lerp
 import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.toArgb
 import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalView
 import androidx.core.graphics.drawable.toDrawable
@@ -66,36 +68,6 @@ private val DarkScheme = darkColorScheme(
     outline = Color(0xFF899393),
 )
 
-/**
- * True black, for OLED panels: a black pixel is an unlit pixel, so a night-time reading session
- * costs noticeably less battery than the regular dark theme's dark grey. Surfaces step up in
- * near-black greys so cards and sheets stay distinguishable without lighting the whole screen.
- */
-private val BlackScheme = darkColorScheme(
-    primary = Color(0xFF80D4DA),
-    onPrimary = Color(0xFF00363A),
-    primaryContainer = Color(0xFF004F53),
-    onPrimaryContainer = Color(0xFF9CF1F6),
-    secondary = Color(0xFFFFB873),
-    onSecondary = Color(0xFF4A2800),
-    secondaryContainer = Color(0xFF693C00),
-    onSecondaryContainer = Color(0xFFFFDCBE),
-    background = Color(0xFF000000),
-    onBackground = Color(0xFFE3E3E3),
-    surface = Color(0xFF000000),
-    onSurface = Color(0xFFE3E3E3),
-    surfaceVariant = Color(0xFF1C1C1C),
-    onSurfaceVariant = Color(0xFFBDBDBD),
-    outline = Color(0xFF6E6E6E),
-    surfaceBright = Color(0xFF262626),
-    surfaceDim = Color(0xFF000000),
-    surfaceContainerLowest = Color(0xFF000000),
-    surfaceContainerLow = Color(0xFF0A0A0A),
-    surfaceContainer = Color(0xFF101010),
-    surfaceContainerHigh = Color(0xFF1A1A1A),
-    surfaceContainerHighest = Color(0xFF242424),
-)
-
 // Aged paper, for long reading sessions.
 private val SepiaScheme = lightColorScheme(
     primary = Color(0xFF7A4E24),
@@ -153,28 +125,61 @@ private val SepiaDarkScheme = darkColorScheme(
  * so the gap between the window appearing and the first frame matches the theme instead of
  * flashing the platform's white. A static XML theme can't express sepia or OLED, hence this.
  */
-fun windowBackground(mode: ThemeMode, systemInDark: Boolean): Int = when (mode) {
-    ThemeMode.Light -> LightScheme
-    ThemeMode.Dark -> DarkScheme
-    ThemeMode.Sepia -> SepiaScheme
-    ThemeMode.SepiaDark -> SepiaDarkScheme
-    ThemeMode.Black -> BlackScheme
-    ThemeMode.System -> if (systemInDark) DarkScheme else LightScheme
-}.background.toArgb()
+fun windowBackground(mode: ThemeMode, systemInDark: Boolean, oled: Boolean): Int {
+    val dark = when (mode) {
+        ThemeMode.System -> systemInDark
+        ThemeMode.Light, ThemeMode.Sepia -> false
+        ThemeMode.Dark, ThemeMode.SepiaDark -> true
+    }
+    if (oled && dark) return Color.Black.toArgb()
+    return when (mode) {
+        ThemeMode.Light -> LightScheme
+        ThemeMode.Dark -> DarkScheme
+        ThemeMode.Sepia -> SepiaScheme
+        ThemeMode.SepiaDark -> SepiaDarkScheme
+        ThemeMode.System -> if (systemInDark) DarkScheme else LightScheme
+    }.background.toArgb()
+}
+
+/**
+ * Pushes a dark scheme to true black for OLED panels, where an unlit pixel costs no power.
+ *
+ * Only the surfaces move, and they move towards black rather than being replaced by it, so sepia
+ * night keeps its warmth instead of turning into the grey dark theme. Text and accents are left
+ * exactly as they were.
+ */
+private fun ColorScheme.asOled(): ColorScheme = copy(
+    background = Color.Black,
+    surface = Color.Black,
+    surfaceDim = Color.Black,
+    surfaceContainerLowest = Color.Black,
+    surfaceContainerLow = lerp(surfaceContainerLow, Color.Black, 0.80f),
+    surfaceContainer = lerp(surfaceContainer, Color.Black, 0.74f),
+    surfaceContainerHigh = lerp(surfaceContainerHigh, Color.Black, 0.64f),
+    surfaceContainerHighest = lerp(surfaceContainerHighest, Color.Black, 0.54f),
+    surfaceBright = lerp(surfaceBright, Color.Black, 0.46f),
+    surfaceVariant = lerp(surfaceVariant, Color.Black, 0.52f),
+)
 
 @Composable
-fun GanjoorTheme(mode: ThemeMode, language: Language, content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
+fun GanjoorTheme(
+    mode: ThemeMode,
+    language: Language,
+    oled: Boolean,
+    content: @Composable () -> Unit,
+) {
     val dark = when (mode) {
         ThemeMode.System -> isSystemInDarkTheme()
         ThemeMode.Light, ThemeMode.Sepia -> false
-        ThemeMode.Dark, ThemeMode.SepiaDark, ThemeMode.Black -> true
+        ThemeMode.Dark, ThemeMode.SepiaDark -> true
     }
-    val scheme = when (mode) {
+    val chosen = when (mode) {
         ThemeMode.Sepia -> SepiaScheme
         ThemeMode.SepiaDark -> SepiaDarkScheme
-        ThemeMode.Black -> BlackScheme
         else -> if (dark) DarkScheme else LightScheme
     }
+    // Only dark schemes have anything to gain from it.
+    val scheme = if (oled && dark) chosen.asOled() else chosen
 
     val view = LocalView.current
     if (!view.isInEditMode) {

app/src/main/res/drawable/ic_pause.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:width="24dp"
+    android:height="24dp"
+    android:viewportWidth="24"
+    android:viewportHeight="24">
+    <path
+        android:fillColor="@android:color/white"
+        android:pathData="M6,19h4V5H6v14zM14,5v14h4V5h-4z" />
+</vector>

app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml

@@ -58,11 +58,18 @@
     <string name="search_needs_connection">جست‌وجو به اینترنت نیاز دارد. حالت برون‌خط را خاموش کنید.</string>
     <string name="load_more">بیشتر</string>
     <string name="done">تمام</string>
-    <string name="theme_black">سیاه (OLED)</string>
     <string name="about">درباره و پروانه‌ها</string>
     <string name="about_intro">گنجور برای اندروید نرم‌افزار آزاد است. شعرها، قلم‌ها و همهٔ کتابخانه‌هایی که این برنامه بر آن‌ها ساخته شده در زیر آمده‌اند؛ برای خواندن متن کامل پروانه روی هر مورد بزنید.</string>
     <string name="no_definition">برای این واژه مدخلی یافت نشد.</string>
-    <string name="source_wiktionary">ویکی‌واژه (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
-    <string name="source_daneshjoo">فرهنگ دانشجو</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary">ویکی‌واژه — فارسی به انگلیسی (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="source_daneshjoo">فرهنگ دانشجو — فارسی به انگلیسی</string>
     <string name="dictionary">لغت‌نامه</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary_ur">ویکی‌واژه — اردو به انگلیسی (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="source_urwiktionary">ویکی‌واژهٔ اردو — اردو به اردو (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="did_you_mean">واژه‌های نزدیک</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary_ar">ویکی‌واژه — عربی به انگلیسی (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="oled">پس‌زمینهٔ سیاه (OLED)</string>
+    <string name="oled_note">روی پوسته‌های تاریک اعمال می‌شود و در نمایشگر OLED باتری کمتری می‌برد</string>
+    <string name="play_recitation">پخش خوانش</string>
+    <string name="pause">توقف</string>
 </resources>

app/src/main/res/values-ur/strings.xml

@@ -58,11 +58,18 @@
     <string name="search_needs_connection">تلاش کے لیے انٹرنیٹ درکار ہے۔ آف لائن موڈ بند کریں۔</string>
     <string name="load_more">مزید</string>
     <string name="done">مکمل</string>
-    <string name="theme_black">سیاہ (OLED)</string>
     <string name="about">تعارف اور لائسنس</string>
     <string name="about_intro">گنجور فار اینڈرائیڈ آزاد سافٹ ویئر ہے۔ کلام، فونٹس اور تمام لائبریریاں ذیل میں درج ہیں؛ مکمل لائسنس پڑھنے کے لیے کسی اندراج پر ٹیپ کریں۔</string>
     <string name="no_definition">اس لفظ کا کوئی اندراج نہیں ملا۔</string>
-    <string name="source_wiktionary">ویکی لغت (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
-    <string name="source_daneshjoo">دانشجو لغت</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary">ویکی لغت — فارسی سے انگریزی (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="source_daneshjoo">دانشجو لغت — فارسی سے انگریزی</string>
     <string name="dictionary">لغت نامہ</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary_ur">ویکی لغت — اردو سے انگریزی (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="source_urwiktionary">اردو ویکی لغت — اردو سے اردو (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="did_you_mean">ملتے جلتے الفاظ</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary_ar">ویکی لغت — عربی سے انگریزی (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="oled">سیاہ پس منظر (OLED)</string>
+    <string name="oled_note">تاریک تھیمز پر لاگو ہوتا ہے؛ OLED اسکرین پر بیٹری بچاتا ہے</string>
+    <string name="play_recitation">قرات سنیں</string>
+    <string name="pause">وقفہ</string>
 </resources>

app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml

@@ -63,11 +63,18 @@
     <string name="search_needs_connection">Search needs a connection. Turn off offline mode to use it.</string>
     <string name="load_more">Load more</string>
     <string name="done">Done</string>
-    <string name="theme_black">Black (OLED)</string>
     <string name="about">About &amp; licences</string>
     <string name="about_intro">Ganjoor for Android is free software. The poems, the fonts and every library it is built on are credited below; tap an entry to read its full licence.</string>
     <string name="no_definition">No entry for this word.</string>
-    <string name="source_wiktionary">Wiktionary (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
-    <string name="source_daneshjoo">Daneshjoo Dictionary</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary">Wiktionary — Persian to English (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="source_daneshjoo">Daneshjoo — Persian to English</string>
     <string name="dictionary">Dictionary</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary_ur">Wiktionary — Urdu to English (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="source_urwiktionary">Urdu Wiktionary — Urdu to Urdu (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="did_you_mean">Similar words</string>
+    <string name="source_wiktionary_ar">Wiktionary — Arabic to English (CC BY-SA 3.0)</string>
+    <string name="oled">Black backgrounds (OLED)</string>
+    <string name="oled_note">Applies to the dark themes; saves power on OLED screens</string>
+    <string name="play_recitation">Play recitation</string>
+    <string name="pause">Pause</string>
 </resources>

app/src/test/java/com/ganjoor/android/CoupletsTest.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 package com.ganjoor.android
 
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.CatEntry
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.Category
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.Crumb
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.PoemRef
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.orderedEntries
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.Verse
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.breadcrumbs
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.parentUrl
@@ -125,3 +129,54 @@ class ParentUrlTest {
         assertEquals("/hafez", parentUrl("/hafez/ghazal/"))
     }
 }
+
+class CategoryOrderTest {
+    private fun cat(chapters: List<String>, poems: List<String>) = Category(
+        id = 1,
+        title = "book",
+        childCats = chapters.mapIndexed { i, t -> Category(id = 100 + i, title = t) },
+        poems = poems.mapIndexed { i, t -> PoemRef(id = 200 + i, title = t) },
+    )
+
+    private fun titles(category: Category) = orderedEntries(category).map {
+        when (it) {
+            is CatEntry.Chapter -> it.category.title
+            is CatEntry.Poem -> it.poem.title
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a preface comes before the chapters, as on ganjoor net`() {
+        // Golestan: دیباچه then the eight باب
+        val golestan = cat(listOf("باب اول", "باب دوم"), listOf("دیباچه"))
+
+        assertEquals(listOf("دیباچه", "باب اول", "باب دوم"), titles(golestan))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `other poems stay after the chapters`() {
+        // Hafez: مقدّمه, then the collections, then مثنوی and ساقی‌نامه
+        val hafez = cat(
+            chapters = listOf("غزلیات", "قطعات"),
+            poems = listOf("مثنوی (الا ای آهوی وحشی)", "ساقی‌نامه", "مقدّمهٔ جمع‌آورندهٔ دیوان حافظ"),
+        )
+
+        assertEquals(
+            listOf("مقدّمهٔ جمع‌آورندهٔ دیوان حافظ", "غزلیات", "قطعات", "مثنوی (الا ای آهوی وحشی)", "ساقی‌نامه"),
+            titles(hafez),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diacritics in a preface title don't hide it`() {
+        // مقدّمه carries a shadda the plain spelling doesn't
+        assertEquals(listOf("مقدّمه", "باب اول"), titles(cat(listOf("باب اول"), listOf("مقدّمه"))))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a category with no poems is left exactly as it is`() {
+        val masnavi = cat(listOf("دفتر اول", "دفتر دوم", "دفتر سوم"), emptyList())
+
+        assertEquals(listOf("دفتر اول", "دفتر دوم", "دفتر سوم"), titles(masnavi))
+    }
+}

app/src/test/java/com/ganjoor/android/DictionaryTest.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package com.ganjoor.android
 
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.affixes
+import com.ganjoor.android.data.letterOverlap
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.normalise
 import com.ganjoor.android.data.wordAt
 import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
@@ -79,3 +80,58 @@ class ArabicArticleTest {
         assertTrue(affixes("الناس").contains("ناس"))
     }
 }
+
+class PersianMorphologyTest {
+    @Test
+    fun `enclitic pronouns glued onto a verb are stripped`() {
+        assertTrue(affixes("آیدت").contains("آید"))
+        assertTrue(affixes("باشدش").contains("باشد"))
+        assertTrue(affixes("تربتش").contains("تربت"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a prefix and a negation together still reach the verb`() {
+        // برنیاید = بر + ن + یاید; one pass would stop at نیاید
+        assertTrue(affixes("برنیاید").contains("یاید"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `plural and object markers still work`() {
+        assertTrue(affixes("دلها").contains("دل"))
+        assertTrue(affixes("مارا").contains("ما"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `stripping never produces a single letter`() {
+        assertTrue(affixes("شان").none { it.length < 2 })
+        assertTrue(affixes("بها").none { it.length < 2 })
+    }
+}
+
+class LetterOverlapTest {
+    @Test
+    fun `an identical word overlaps completely`() {
+        assertEquals(1f, letterOverlap("عشق", "عشق"), 0.001f)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a suffixed form still scores high against its stem`() {
+        assertTrue(letterOverlap("مشکل", "مشکلها") > 0.6f)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `sharing only a first letter scores low`() {
+        assertTrue(letterOverlap("عشق", "عبادتگاه") < 0.4f)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `letters are counted once each, not by presence alone`() {
+        // ااا against ا shares one letter, not three
+        assertEquals(1f / 3f, letterOverlap("ااا", "ا"), 0.001f)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `an empty word never matches`() {
+        assertEquals(0f, letterOverlap("", "عشق"), 0.001f)
+    }
+}

licenses/README.md

@@ -19,6 +19,29 @@ bundled rather than merely linked.
 
 Nothing in Ganjoor's repositories restricts AI-assisted use.
 
+## Dictionary
+
+Five sources, each row in the database tagged with the one it came from so the app can name it
+and so any of them can be dropped without rebuilding the others.
+
+| Source | Direction | Licence |
+|---|---|---|
+| [Wiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org) | Persian → English | CC BY-SA 3.0 |
+| [Wiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org) | Urdu → English | CC BY-SA 3.0 |
+| [Urdu Wiktionary](https://ur.wiktionary.org) | Urdu → Urdu | CC BY-SA 3.0 |
+| [Wiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org) | Arabic → English | CC BY-SA 3.0 |
+| [Daneshjoo](https://github.com/0xdolan/Daneshjoo) | Persian → English | Repository states MIT |
+
+Pronunciation — IPA with the variety it belongs to, and Urdu Wiktionary's vowelled spelling and
+syllable split — comes from the same Wiktionary exports and carries the same licence.
+
+Because four of the five are CC BY-SA 3.0, **the generated `dictionary.db` is CC BY-SA 3.0**.
+Attribution is shown in the app beside every definition. See [`../tools/README.md`](../tools/README.md)
+to rebuild it.
+
+The Daneshjoo entry is worth a caveat: the repository states MIT, but the underlying lexicon is
+a published Iranian dictionary, so that relicensing is worth verifying before relying on it.
+
 ## Fonts
 
 | Font | Copyright | Licence | File |

tools/README.md

@@ -30,6 +30,39 @@ tables, etymology templates, IPA and descendants. The build keeps the definition
 form→lemma index (149,589 pairs) and drops the rest. That index is what resolves conjugated
 verbs: `افتاد → افتادن`, `بگشاید → گشودن`, `دانند → دانستن`.
 
+## Urdu sources
+
+```sh
+curl -L -o ur.jsonl https://kaikki.org/dictionary/Urdu/kaikki.org-dictionary-Urdu.jsonl
+curl -L -o urwikt.xml.bz2 \
+  https://dumps.wikimedia.org/urwiktionary/latest/urwiktionary-latest-pages-articles.xml.bz2
+bunzip2 -k urwikt.xml.bz2
+```
+
+The first gives Urdu headwords glossed in English. The second is Urdu Wiktionary itself, the only
+source here whose definitions are written **in Urdu** — thin (around 3,100 usable entries out of
+31,000 pages, many being stubs), but for a word it does carry an Urdu reader is better served by
+it than by a translation into English.
+
+## Arabic
+
+```sh
+curl -L -o ar.jsonl https://kaikki.org/dictionary/Arabic/kaikki.org-dictionary-Arabic.jsonl
+```
+
+521 MB, almost all of it the inflection index, and that index is the point: the Arabic quoted
+inside Persian verse is conjugated, so السّاقی, الناس, تَلْقَ and تَهْوی only reach a definition
+through it. 36,627 entries and 819,608 new form pairs for about 59 MB of database.
+
+## Why there is no Persian-to-Urdu
+
+Wiktionary's Persian entries carry no translations at all — the translation tables live only on
+English pages, in a 3.3 GB export. Going Persian to Urdu would mean pivoting through an English
+sense, and a sample of that file projects only about 6,900 Persian words with any Urdu
+equivalent, most of them modern dictionary vocabulary rather than the language of the poems. The
+definitions written in Urdu therefore come from Urdu Wiktionary directly, and are preferred over
+the English ones wherever they exist.
+
 ## Licences
 
 Each row carries its `source`, so attribution stays accurate and either source can be dropped

tools/build_dictionary.py

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 """Builds the app's dictionary from Wiktionary (CC BY-SA 3.0) and Daneshjoo (MIT).
 
+Three sources, each row tagged so the app can say which one answered and in which language:
+  wiktionary-fa  Persian headwords, English definitions
+  daneshjoo      Persian headwords, English definitions
+  wiktionary-ur  Urdu headwords, English definitions
+
+
 Wiktionary's export is 93 MB of linguistic metadata around 0.94 MB of definitions, so this keeps
 the definitions and the form->lemma index and discards the rest. The `source` column is what
 keeps the attribution honest and lets either source be dropped later.
@@ -23,9 +29,20 @@ c = sqlite3.connect(db)
 c.executescript("""
 CREATE TABLE entry (word TEXT NOT NULL, display TEXT NOT NULL, gloss TEXT NOT NULL, source TEXT NOT NULL);
 CREATE TABLE form  (form TEXT NOT NULL, lemma TEXT NOT NULL);
+CREATE TABLE pron  (word TEXT NOT NULL, text TEXT NOT NULL, label TEXT NOT NULL, source TEXT NOT NULL);
 """)
 
-entries, forms = [], set()
+entries, forms, prons = [], set(), set()
+
+def collect_sounds(word, entry, source):
+    """IPA with whatever dialect it belongs to. Classical Persian matters most here: this is an
+    app for poetry written a long time before modern Tehrani vowels."""
+    for sound in entry.get('sounds') or []:
+        ipa = (sound.get('ipa') or '').strip()
+        if not ipa:
+            continue
+        tags = [t for t in (sound.get('tags') or []) if t not in ('formal',)]
+        prons.add((normalise(word), ipa, ' '.join(tags), source))
 
 for line in open('fa.jsonl', encoding='utf-8'):
     try: e = json.loads(line)
@@ -36,13 +53,54 @@ for line in open('fa.jsonl', encoding='utf-8'):
     if gs:
         pos = e.get('pos') or ''
         gloss = '; '.join(dict.fromkeys(gs))[:600]
-        entries.append((normalise(word), word, f"({pos}) {gloss}" if pos else gloss, 'wiktionary'))
+        entries.append((normalise(word), word, f"({pos}) {gloss}" if pos else gloss, 'wiktionary-fa'))
+    collect_sounds(word, e, 'wiktionary-fa')
     for f in e.get('forms', []):
         t = f.get('form')
         if t and t != word and not t.startswith('-') and len(t) > 1:
             forms.add((normalise(t), normalise(word)))
 
-print(f"wiktionary: {len(entries)} entries, {len(forms)} forms")
+print(f"wiktionary-fa: {len(entries)} entries, {len(forms)} forms")
+
+# Urdu shares a great deal of vocabulary with Persian, so these entries answer words the
+# Persian sources miss. Headwords are Urdu; the definitions are still English.
+n_fa = len(entries)
+for line in open('ur.jsonl', encoding='utf-8'):
+    try: e = json.loads(line)
+    except Exception: continue
+    word = e.get('word')
+    if not word: continue
+    gs = [g.strip() for s in e.get('senses', []) for g in (s.get('glosses') or []) if g.strip()]
+    if gs:
+        pos = e.get('pos') or ''
+        gloss = '; '.join(dict.fromkeys(gs))[:600]
+        entries.append((normalise(word), word, f"({pos}) {gloss}" if pos else gloss, 'wiktionary-ur'))
+    collect_sounds(word, e, 'wiktionary-ur')
+    for f in e.get('forms', []):
+        t = f.get('form')
+        if t and t != word and not t.startswith('-') and len(t) > 1:
+            forms.add((normalise(t), normalise(word)))
+print(f"wiktionary-ur: {len(entries) - n_fa} entries, {len(forms)} forms total")
+
+# Arabic, for the lines classical Persian quotes outright — Hafez opens with one.
+if os.path.exists('ar.jsonl'):
+    n_ar, f_ar = len(entries), len(forms)
+    for line in open('ar.jsonl', encoding='utf-8'):
+        try: e = json.loads(line)
+        except Exception: continue
+        word = e.get('word')
+        if not word: continue
+        gs = [g.strip() for s in e.get('senses', []) for g in (s.get('glosses') or []) if g.strip()]
+        if gs:
+            pos = e.get('pos') or ''
+            gloss = '; '.join(dict.fromkeys(gs))[:600]
+            entries.append((normalise(word), word, f"({pos}) {gloss}" if pos else gloss, 'wiktionary-ar'))
+        collect_sounds(word, e, 'wiktionary-ar')
+        for f in e.get('forms', []):
+            t = f.get('form')
+            if t and t != word and not t.startswith('-') and len(t) > 1:
+                forms.add((normalise(t), normalise(word)))
+    print(f"wiktionary-ar: {len(entries) - n_ar} entries, {len(forms) - f_ar} new forms")
 
 tag = re.compile(r'<[^>]+>')
 n0 = len(entries)
@@ -58,11 +116,57 @@ for k, v in MDX('daneshjoo.mdx').items():
         entries.append((normalise(word), word, txt[:600], 'daneshjoo'))
 print(f"daneshjoo : {len(entries) - n0} entries")
 
+# Urdu Wiktionary, the only source here whose definitions are written in Urdu rather than
+# English. Thin — a few thousand usable entries, many pages being stubs — but for a word it
+# does carry, an Urdu reader is better served by it than by a translation into English.
+if os.path.exists('urwikt.xml'):
+    import html as _html
+    raw = open('urwikt.xml', encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore').read()
+    n_ur = len(entries)
+    for title, ns, body in re.findall(
+        r'<title>(.*?)</title>.*?<ns>(\d+)</ns>.*?<text[^>]*>(.*?)</text>', raw, re.S
+    ):
+        if ns != '0' or not re.match(r'^[\u0600-\u06FF]', title):
+            continue
+        t = re.sub(r'\{\{[^}]*\}\}', ' ', body)
+        t = re.sub(r'\[\[([^\]|]*\|)?([^\]]*)\]\]', r'\2', t)
+        t = re.sub(r"'{2,}|<[^>]+>", '', _html.unescape(t))
+        section = re.search(r'==\s*معانی\s*==(.*?)(?:\n==|\Z)', t, re.S)
+        lines = (section.group(1) if section else
+                 '\n'.join(l.strip(' #') for l in t.split('\n') if l.strip().startswith('#')))
+        kept = []
+        for line in lines.split('\n'):
+            line = re.sub(r'^\d+\.\s*', '', line.strip())
+            # ؎ introduces a verse citation, and "ref"/a year starts the source note; the
+            # definition itself is what comes before either.
+            if line.startswith('؎') or re.match(r'^\(?\s*\d{3,4}ء', line):
+                break
+            line = re.split(r'\bref\b|؎', line)[0].strip()
+            if not line or not re.search(r'[\u0600-\u06FF]', line):
+                continue
+            kept.append(line)
+            if len(' '.join(kept)) > 220:
+                break
+        gloss = ' '.join(kept).strip()[:300]
+        if len(gloss) > 3:
+            entries.append((normalise(title), title, gloss, 'urwiktionary'))
+        # {عِشْق} is the fully vowelled spelling; "عِش + قوں" is the syllable split
+        vowelled = re.search(r'\{([\u0600-\u06FF\u064B-\u0652 ]{2,40})\}', t)
+        if vowelled:
+            prons.add((normalise(title), vowelled.group(1).strip(), 'اردو', 'urwiktionary'))
+        syllables = re.search(r'\{([\u0600-\u06FF\u064B-\u0652]+(?: \+ [\u0600-\u06FF\u064B-\u0652]+)+[^}]*)\}', t)
+        if syllables:
+            prons.add((normalise(title), syllables.group(1).strip(), 'ہجے', 'urwiktionary'))
+    print(f"urwiktionary : {len(entries) - n_ur} entries (definitions in Urdu)")
+
+print(f"pronunciations: {len(prons)}")
+c.executemany("INSERT INTO pron VALUES (?,?,?,?)", sorted(prons))
 c.executemany("INSERT INTO entry VALUES (?,?,?,?)", entries)
 c.executemany("INSERT INTO form  VALUES (?,?)", sorted(forms))
 c.executescript("""
 CREATE INDEX idx_entry_word ON entry(word);
 CREATE INDEX idx_form_form  ON form(form);
+CREATE INDEX idx_pron_word  ON pron(word);
 """)
 c.commit()
 c.execute("VACUUM")